Pancreatic disease can result from multiple causes, including alcohol abuse, gallstones, medications, infections, autoimmune conditions, and genetic factors. Common symptoms include abdominal pain radiating to the back, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, jaundice, and digestive issues.
Diagnosis involves a combination of imaging tests, such as ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI, along with blood tests to measure pancreatic enzymes. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is often used for a more detailed view. Clinical criteria for diagnosing acute pancreatitis include abdominal pain, elevated amylase or lipase levels, and findings from imaging studies.
Treatment depends on the specific disorder and can include medications, dietary changes, surgery, and lifestyle modifications. For severe cases, endoscopic interventions and supportive care may be necessary to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Pancreatic disorders, including pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and cystic fibrosis, pose significant health challenges. The incidence of these conditions varies worldwide, but some, such as pancreatic cancer, have a growing global burden. Pancreatic cancer ranks as the 12th most common cancer and the 7th leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Both acute and chronic pancreatitis are also common, especially in people with gallstones or chronic alcohol use.
Causes of Pancreatic Disorders
The causes of pancreatic disorders differ depending on the condition. Acute pancreatitis is often triggered by gallstones or excessive alcohol consumption, while chronic pancreatitis can result from long-term alcohol abuse, genetic factors, or autoimmune disorders. Pancreatic cancer has risk factors like smoking, chronic pancreatitis, and diabetes. Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder, affects pancreatic function by causing mucus buildup.
Pancreatic Disorders Symptoms
The symptoms of pancreatic disorders vary but often include:
> Abdominal pain
> Jaundice
> Weight loss
> Digestive issues
Diagnosis of Pancreatic Disorders
Diagnosis involves imaging techniques like ultrasound, CT scans, MRI, and endoscopic ultrasound. Blood tests measuring pancreatic enzymes and genetic testing for cystic fibrosis are also common.
Treatment for Pancreatic Disorders
Treatment varies by disorder. Acute pancreatitis may require hospitalization and supportive care, such as fluids and pain management. Chronic pancreatitis is treated with enzyme supplements and lifestyle changes. Pancreatic cancer treatment often involves surgery, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy. Cystic fibrosis management includes enzyme replacement and respiratory therapy.
Dr. Patta Radhakrishna is an expert in managing and treating various pancreatic disorders and related complications.
